1、Scope
This test standard serves to determine the scratch resistance of painted and unpainted plastic inte-rior components. A scratch test (crosscut test) is performed on the surface of the component to thisend.
2、Designation
Scratch resistance acc. to PV 3952
 
3、Definition
The scratch resistance of plastics is defined as the resistance offered by the material to a mechani-cal stress, e.g. scratching motion of a sharp edge or rounded object.
4、Requirements
Requirements and deviations from the test procedure according to the technical supply specifica-tion and/or release.
 
5Test
Principle
5.1
A machine-guided scratching gouge scratches a grid with a spacingof approx.2 mm onto apainted/unpainted plastic surface. Each scratch is produced by one movement in one direction.colorimeter is then used to determine the chromatic aberration in relation to the unscratched sur.face.
5.2Test equipment and auxiliary equipment
Scratching device (e.g. motor-driven crosscutting tool, from Erichsen, model 430; see Figures1 and 2)
Scratching gouge (e.g. hard metal tip ② = 1 mm; the engraving tip of the 318 hardness testingdevice from Erichsen is suitable)Colorimeter acc. to DlN 5033-4
Measurement shapes acc. to DIN 5033-7 section 3.2.1 - 45°/ 0° or section 3.2.2 - 0°/ 45°(ideal 45° circular)Other shapes are also permissible upon agreement with the test laboratories.Visual evaluation under standard light acc. to DlN 6173 Parts 1 and 2Standard light D65 (minimum requirement: quality grade 2)
 
5.3Specimen
The specimens must be removed from the components under test and should be of a shape andsize that ensures plane contact with the specimen holder and the supporting table of the respectivespectrophotometer, The test surface must be plane parallel with the contact surface.
 
5.4Specimen preparation
The surface of the specimens must be homogeneous and must have no foreign matter. Specimensshould only be handled with clean, grease-free hands.
 
 5.5 Conditioning
The specimens must be conditioned for a minimum of 48 h in a standard climate according toDIN 50 014-23/50-2.
 
5.6Procedure
The test is performed at (23 ± 5)°C.
A scratching tool is used to scratch a grid (crosscut grid) of at least (40 x 40) mm. See Figure 3.
Testing parameters:
Contact force：F=5 N and 10 N(for unpainted components; Fis dependent onthe position in the vehicle and the component specifications)F=10 N(for painted components)
Scratching：speedv=1,000 mm/min
Grid spacing：2 mm
 
Scratching gouge：Φ1 mm(e.g.engraving tip from the 318 hardness testing devicefrom Erichsen)
 
 
Calibrating the test tip with the specimenAlign the test tip flat against the test surface. The test tip must be adjusted to just before it touchesthe specimen. The test tip must not come into contact with the specimen.Notice: There must not be any additional weight on the specimen during the alignment process
 

For a not OK (NOK) example of the alignment process, see figure 4 For an OK example of the alignment process, see figure 5.
 
The N0 scale (see figure 6) is not relevant for alignment, i.e., the value on the scale difers fromNO.
 
Use only suitable, calibrated additional weights when setting the weight force required to carry outthe force test (e.g.,F=10 N), fiqure 7.
 
lf the scale setting in the X direction is not sufficient for calibration (see figure 8), additional weightsmay be required(see figure 9).
 

 
5.8Evaluation
The measured values for dL*. da*, db* and dE* of the unscratched area from the scratched areadetermined using colorimetry, are used for evaluation (measured value = mean of at least 5 indi-vidual measurements).
Measuring method acc. to DlN 5033-4
Color change acc. to DlN 6174
llluminant: D65 /10°
Measuring field diameter: ≥ 7 mm
In addition, a test of the measured values for plausibility of the optical impression must be per-formed (even when the measurements indicate an evaluation of OK).
 
 

1. 范圍：

本測(cè)試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于噴漆與非噴漆塑料內(nèi)飾零部件的耐劃傷系數(shù)確定。耐劃傷測(cè)試（橫切測(cè)試）需在零部件的表面進(jìn)行。
 

1. 命名

耐劃傷參見PV3952
 

1. 定義

塑料件耐劃傷是指材料抵抗機(jī)械壓力的性能, 如：鋒利邊或圓形物體的刻劃動(dòng)作。
 

1. 要求

本測(cè)試程序的要求參見供貨技術(shù)規(guī)范或放行要求。
 

1. 測(cè)試

5.1 原理
在噴漆或未噴漆塑料件表面用帶機(jī)械臂的圓鑿劃出一個(gè)大約2MM的格子。每個(gè)劃痕只能朝單一方向刻畫一次。然后用色度計(jì)，與未劃痕表面進(jìn)行色差比較。
5.2 測(cè)試設(shè)備與輔助設(shè)備
* 刻劃設(shè)備（如：電動(dòng)的橫切工具，德國(guó)儀立信測(cè)厚儀，型號(hào)430，參見圖1與圖2）
* 刻劃圓鑿（如：硬金屬尖，直徑為1MM，如德國(guó)318儀立信硬度測(cè)試設(shè)備）
* 色度計(jì)參見DIN5033-4
* 測(cè)量形狀參見DIN5033-7, 第3.2.1--。。。。。
若實(shí)驗(yàn)室許可，其它形狀亦可。
*在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)光線下進(jìn)行外觀評(píng)估，參見DIN6173第1與2部分
*標(biāo)準(zhǔn)光線D65（要求：質(zhì)量等級(jí)2）
 
5.3 樣品
樣品須為測(cè)試零部件的一部分，其形狀與大小須滿足測(cè)試要求，即：須確保樣品與其固定裝置平行接觸，并與分光光度計(jì)的支撐桌面保持平行。測(cè)試表面必須與接觸面保持平行。
 
5.4 樣品準(zhǔn)備
樣品表面須保證同質(zhì)性，不得含有任何其他物質(zhì)。且須對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行清潔。不得使用油膩的手直接接觸樣品。
5.5 作用條件
樣品須在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氣壓下至少存放48小時(shí)，參見DIN50 014-23/50-2
5.6 程序
測(cè)試須在23+-5度條件下進(jìn)行。
使用刻痕工具刻劃出一個(gè)至少為40*40MM的格子。參見圖3
測(cè)試參數(shù)：
 
*接觸力： F=5牛與10牛（對(duì)為噴漆零部件，力的大小取決于其在機(jī)車中的位置與零部件要求）
*刻劃速度：V=1000MM/分鐘
*格子大小:  2MM
*刻劃圓鑿： 直徑1MM（如：德國(guó)德國(guó)儀立信318硬度測(cè)試設(shè)備）
 
圖1

 
 
圖2


 
5.7 評(píng)估計(jì)算
使用色度計(jì)，獲取測(cè)試值：dL*, da*, db*，并用測(cè)試值進(jìn)行評(píng)估（測(cè)試值=每個(gè)值5次測(cè)量后所獲得的值的平均值）。
 
測(cè)量方法參見DIN5033-4
顏色變化參見DIN6174
照明度：D65/10度
測(cè)量區(qū)域直徑：大于等于7MM
 

1. 參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

 
DIN 50014  氣候與技術(shù)應(yīng)用，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氣候
DIN5033-4  比色法，光譜法
DIN5033-7  比色法，物體顏色測(cè)量條件
DIN6173-1  顏色取樣，通用顏色取樣條件
DIN6173-2  顏色去演，人工光照條件
DIN6174    依據(jù)CIELAB公式，進(jìn)行色差確定